15.45. Which vehicles are parked in violation of the Traffic Rules?
UAЯкі транспортні засоби поставлені з порушенням Правил дорожнього руху?
This exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine tests knowledge of the rules for stopping and parking on the carriageway, i.e., a topic that directly affects road safety and road capacity. Improper parking of a vehicle often creates obstacles, limits visibility for other drivers, and can cause hazardous situations. That is why typical cases of "double parking" are included in the theoretical exam.
The question belongs to Section 15 "Stopping and Parking" of the traffic rules and is based on clause 15.4. As a general rule, vehicles must be parked in a single row parallel to the edge of the carriageway (or shoulder), and parking in two or more rows is prohibited unless otherwise specified by road signs or markings. An exception in clause 15.4 is made only for bicycles, mopeds, and motorcycles without a sidecar: due to their small overall width, they are allowed to be parked in no more than two rows.
That is why bicycles and mopeds in the given situation are not considered violators, as well as a motorcycle without a sidecar if it is parked in a second row within the permitted limits. In contrast, a motorcycle with a sidecar is not covered by the exception: due to its dimensions, it is closer to a car and must be parked only in a single row. Therefore, parking a motorcycle with a sidecar in a second row (in the exam ticket it is marked as brown) is a violation, as this directly contradicts the requirements of clause 15.4 of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine.
Clause 15.4 (Section 15 "Stopping and Parking")
Vehicles are allowed to be parked in a single row parallel to the edge of the carriageway (shoulder), except in places where the parking method is determined by road signs or road markings. Bicycles, mopeds, and motorcycles without a sidecar are allowed to be parked on the carriageway in no more than two rows.
Application to the question: the brown motorcycle has a sidecar, so it does not fall under the exception that allows parking "in two rows"; therefore, its placement in the second row (next to another vehicle) is a violation of the requirements of clause 15.4.
Thus, the correct answer is "Brown motorcycle with a sidecar," given that according to clause 15.4, only bicycles, mopeds, and motorcycles without a sidecar are allowed to be parked in two rows, and a motorcycle with a sidecar must be parked only in a single row.
In this situation, there are no road signs or markings that specifically determine the rules for stopping or parking. Therefore, we assess the placement of the vehicles according to the general requirements of the Traffic Rules, particularly paragraph 15.4.
According to paragraph 15.4 of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine, it is prohibited to park vehicles on the carriageway in two or more rows. The only exception is made for bicycles, mopeds, and motorcycles without a sidecar: they are allowed to be parked in two rows because they are narrow and usually do not create as much of an obstruction as wider vehicles.
A motorcycle with a sidecar, due to its dimensions, is closer to a car and therefore does not fall under this exception. It may only be parked in a single row at the edge of the carriageway (or on the shoulder), not next to an already parked vehicle, thus forming a second row.
In the image, the brown motorcycle with a sidecar stopped next to another vehicle, that is, it was effectively parked in two rows. This is precisely what constitutes a violation of the requirements of paragraph 15.4.
Therefore, the correct answer is "The brown motorcycle with a sidecar," because motorcycles with a sidecar may not be parked in two rows on the carriageway, and it formed a second row.