10.57. You are the driver of a vehicle. When entering the carriageway or sidewalk from an adjacent territory, you must give way to:
UAВи водій автомобіля, виїжджаючи з прилеглої до дороги території повинні перед проїзною частиною чи тротуаром дати дорогу:
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This exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine tests a basic safety principle when starting to move and entering the road: a driver who is "merging" into traffic from a yard, gas station, parking lot, or other adjacent area must not create obstacles for those already moving on the road or on the sidewalk. Such situations are common in cities, and this is where conflicts with pedestrians and vehicles most often occur due to haste and misunderstanding of right of way.
In terms of content, this question belongs to the section of the Traffic Rules about maneuvering and starting to move, and specifically relies on point 10.2 of the Rules. It also touches on definitions from point 1.10 (what is an "adjacent area" and what does "give way" mean) and an important clarification: exiting from an adjacent area is not an intersection, so the rules for passing intersections do not apply here. In the theoretical exam, this task checks the understanding that the obligation to yield arises regardless of the presence of a pedestrian crossing or priority signs 2.1 or 2.2.
The analysis of the options comes down to the logic of point 10.2: yielding only to pedestrians is not enough, because before entering the roadway you must also give way to vehicles moving on it; yielding only to vehicles is also a mistake, since before crossing the sidewalk, priority is given to pedestrians walking on the sidewalk or its extension (and if there is a bike lane, also to cyclists within its path). That is why the correct approach is a comprehensive one: when exiting from an adjacent area, the driver is required to yield to all road users already moving on the sidewalk and on the road.
Clause 10.2
When entering the road from a residential area, yards, parking lots, gas stations, and other adjacent territories, the driver must yield to pedestrians and vehicles moving on it before the carriageway or sidewalk.
Brief application: when exiting from an adjacent territory, the driver is required to yield both to pedestrians (before the sidewalk) and to vehicles moving on the road (before the carriageway), regardless of the presence or absence of priority signs or road markings.
Clause 1.10 (term "Adjacent territory")
Adjacent territory — an area adjacent to the edge of the carriageway and not intended for through traffic of vehicles (yards, parking lots, gas stations, enterprises, etc.).
Clause 1.10 (term "Yield (not to create obstacles)")
Yield (not to create obstacles) — a requirement for a road user not to continue or resume movement, nor to perform any maneuvers, if this may force other road users who have priority to change their direction or speed.
Clause 1.10 (term "Intersection")
Intersection — a place where roads cross, adjoin, or branch at the same level, the boundary of which is the imaginary lines between the beginnings of the rounding of the edges of the carriageways of each road. The place of exit from an adjacent territory is not considered an intersection.
Brief application: exiting from an adjacent territory is not an intersection, so a special rule of clause 10.2 applies here regarding the obligation to "yield" before the sidewalk/carriageway.
Clause 1.10 (term "Sidewalk")
Sidewalk — an element of the road intended for pedestrian movement, adjacent to the carriageway or separated from it by a lawn.
Clause 1.10 (term "Carriageway")
Carriageway — an element of the road intended for the movement of non-rail vehicles.
Clause 1.10 (term "Road")
Road — a strip of land or the surface of an artificial structure intended for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians, which includes the carriageway, shoulders, sidewalks, bicycle paths, and dividing strips.
Clause 33.3.1 — 33 "Road signs", 3 "Priority signs", sign 2.1 "Yield"
"Yield" — the driver must yield to vehicles moving on the intersected road.
Brief application: the sign may be installed before the exit, but even without it, the obligation to yield is defined by clause 10.2.
Clause 33.3.2 — 33 "Road signs", 3 "Priority signs", sign 2.2 "No entry without stopping"
"No entry without stopping" — it is prohibited to enter without stopping before the stop line, and if there is none — before the sign; the driver must yield to vehicles moving on the intersected road, and if there is a plate 7.13 — to vehicles moving on the main road.
Brief application: may also be used at the exit, but the requirement to "yield" to pedestrians and vehicles when exiting from an adjacent territory is in any case directly established by clause 10.2.
That is, the correct answer is "Pedestrians and vehicles," given that according to clause 10.2, when exiting from an adjacent territory, the driver is required to yield to pedestrians and vehicles moving on the road before the carriageway or sidewalk.
When you are driving out from an adjacent area (a yard, gas station, parking lot, residential area, or business premises), you are essentially “merging” into the traffic on the road. In such a situation, the Traffic Rules of Ukraine (clause 10.2) require the driver to act cautiously and not create obstacles for those already moving along the road or sidewalk.
Before crossing the sidewalk, you must yield to pedestrians who are walking on the sidewalk or its continuation. It is important to understand that a pedestrian’s right of way does not depend on the presence of a zebra crossing or signs at the exit. If a person is moving along the sidewalk past the exit from a yard or gas station, they have priority, and the driver must stop if necessary and let them pass.
Next, before entering directly onto the roadway, you must yield to vehicles moving on that road. This applies to everyone: cars, motorcycles, public transport vehicles, and also cyclists if you are crossing a bicycle path or their direction of movement. Exiting from an adjacent area is not considered an intersection, so intersection rules do not apply here; instead, the direct requirement of clause 10.2 applies — yield to those already moving.
Practical example: you are driving out from a yard onto the street. First, you yield to the pedestrian on the sidewalk, then wait until the cars on the road have passed, and only after that do you safely enter. Even if there is no “Yield” sign at the exit, the obligation to yield remains the same.
Therefore, the correct answer is "To pedestrians and vehicles," because according to clause 10.2 of the Traffic Rules, when exiting from an adjacent area, the driver is required to yield to pedestrians and vehicles moving along the sidewalk or roadway.