61.5. Which of the following is prohibited for a tram driver?
UAЩо з переліченого заборонено водієві трамвая?
Question without image
This exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine concerns the safety of passenger transportation and the driver's responsibility for boarding and alighting passengers. In a tram, the risk of injury is especially high at the moments when the doors are opened and the vehicle starts moving: a passenger may still be boarding, alighting, or standing on the step, so any premature maneuver creates danger.
The question tests knowledge of the section of the Traffic Rules regarding passenger transportation, specifically the requirements of clause 21.4. According to this clause, the tram driver is prohibited from starting to move until the doors are fully closed, and is also prohibited from opening the doors before the tram has come to a complete stop. This rule is a direct safety regulation: the doors must be closed while the tram is moving and may only be opened after a complete stop at the stop.
Comparing the answer options shows the difference between permitted control actions and prohibited actions that create risk. Requiring passengers to fulfill their duties or to present a baggage receipt does not contradict the traffic rules as such and relates to the organization of transportation. In contrast, violating the procedure for operating the doors and starting the tram is directly prohibited by clause 21.4 and is a typical check on the theoretical exam, as it directly affects passenger safety.
Clause 21.4
The tram driver is prohibited from starting to move before the doors are fully closed and from opening them before the tram comes to a complete stop.
This clause directly establishes a prohibition for the tram driver regarding starting to move with the doors not fully closed, as well as opening the doors before the tram comes to a complete stop (a safety requirement for passengers during boarding/alighting).
Therefore, the correct answer is "To start moving before the doors are fully closed and to open them before the tram comes to a complete stop," given that under the requirements of clause 21.4, the tram driver is expressly prohibited from starting to move with the doors not closed and from opening the doors before the tram comes to a complete stop.
When transporting passengers in a tram, their safety during boarding and alighting is paramount. That is why the Traffic Rules of Ukraine (paragraph 21.4) establish clear requirements for the tram driver regarding actions with the doors and the start of movement.
The logic of the rule is simple: the tram may move only when all doors are fully closed. If movement begins earlier, a passenger may still be boarding or alighting, holding onto handrails, or standing on the step. In such a situation, even a slight acceleration creates a risk of falling and injury.
Similarly, it is prohibited to open the doors before the tram has come to a complete stop. If the doors are opened while the tram is moving or coasting, a passenger may perceive this as a signal to exit and step outside, which is dangerous due to the risk of falling under the wheels or onto the roadway.
For example, if the tram is approaching a stop and has not fully stopped yet, opening the doors at this moment may provoke a premature exit. Or another situation: a passenger's belongings are caught in the doors or they have not fully boarded, and the driver starts moving — this directly contradicts the requirements of safe transportation.
Therefore, the correct answer is "To start moving before the doors are fully closed and to open them before the tram has come to a complete stop," since paragraph 21.4 of the Traffic Rules obliges the driver to ensure that movement begins only after the doors are fully closed, and the doors are opened only after the tram has come to a complete stop.