60.17. Which rules must the trolleybus driver comply with?
UAЯких правил зобов'язаний дотримуватися водій тролейбуса?
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This exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine tests the basic duties of a driver as a participant in road traffic and their connection with the safety of transporting passengers by urban electric transport. In real conditions, the trolleybus driver is equally responsible for observing the speed limit, obeying traffic signals and the instructions of a traffic controller, complying with road signs and markings, intersection crossing rules, stopping and parking, as well as ensuring the safe boarding and alighting of passengers at stops.
In terms of content, this question belongs to the topic "General Provisions" and the sections on the duties of the driver and the technical condition of vehicles in the traffic rules. It is based on the provision that all road users are required to know and comply with the requirements of the Rules (paragraph 1.3), and the driver, before departure and during operation, must ensure the proper technical condition of the vehicle (paragraph 2.3). Additionally, the Traffic Rules directly state that the technical condition and equipment must comply not only with standards, but also with the rules of technical operation and instructions (paragraph 31.1), which is especially important for trolleybuses with their contact network and specific equipment.
Among the answer options, the correct one is the combination of the requirements of the traffic rules and the rules for the technical operation of the trolleybus: the former regulate behavior on the road, the latter determine the safe operation and serviceability of electric transport. In contrast, the rules for the carriage of dangerous goods are not a basic requirement for a trolleybus driver within this theoretical exam, as they relate to the special transportation of goods and do not replace either the traffic rules or the technical rules for the operation of passenger electric transport. Practically, this knowledge helps to correctly understand that the safety of trolleybus traffic depends simultaneously on compliance with the traffic rules and on technical discipline during operation.
Clause 1.3
Road users are required to know and strictly comply with the requirements of these Rules.
Brief explanation: the trolleybus driver is a road user, therefore he is fully obliged to comply with the Traffic Rules (this is the answer "1" in typical versions of this question).
Clause 2.3
To ensure road safety, the driver is obliged, in particular, before driving, to check and ensure the proper technical condition and completeness of the vehicle.
Brief explanation: this provision emphasizes the driver's duty to ensure the technical serviceability of the vehicle (including the trolleybus) during operation, which is directly related to compliance with the technical operation rules.
Clause 31.1
The technical condition of vehicles and their equipment must comply with the requirements of standards related to road safety and environmental protection, as well as the rules of technical operation, manufacturers' instructions, and other regulatory and technical documentation.
Brief explanation: the Traffic Rules directly refer to the "rules of technical operation" as a mandatory criterion for the proper technical condition of the vehicle; therefore, the trolleybus driver must comply with them (this is the answer "3" in typical versions).
Thus, the correct answer is "Answers 1 and 3.", given that according to the definition of the Traffic Rules, the trolleybus driver, as a road user, is obliged to know and comply with the requirements of the Traffic Rules (clause 1.3) and to operate the trolleybus in accordance with the rules of technical operation, since the technical condition of the vehicle must meet them (clause 31.1), and the driver is obliged to ensure the proper technical condition of the vehicle (clause 2.3).
The trolleybus driver is the same participant in road traffic as the driver of any other vehicle. Therefore, while driving, he is required to follow the general requirements of the Traffic Rules: obey traffic lights and traffic controllers, comply with speed limits, intersection crossing rules, road signs and markings, stopping and parking rules, as well as ensure the safety of passengers during boarding and alighting at stops.
Separately, for the trolleybus, requirements related to its technical operation are important. The trolleybus operates from an overhead contact network and has specific equipment, so the driver must comply with established operating rules: monitor the condition and proper functioning of the current collectors, not allow movement with technical malfunctions, and act according to specified instructions in case of pole derailment, contact network breakage, or other abnormal situations. This does not replace the Traffic Rules, but supplements the driver's duties specifically as an electric transport worker.
Therefore, the correct answer is "Answers 1 and 3.", since the trolleybus driver must simultaneously comply with the requirements of the Traffic Rules and follow the technical operation rules of the trolleybus.