54.9. Drivers of small-capacity buses are prohibited:
UAВодіям маломісних автобусів забороняється:
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This is an exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine concerning the safety of passenger transportation and the driver's responsibility when carrying people in the cabin. Such restrictions directly affect the controllability of the vehicle, visibility, and the level of passenger protection during braking or maneuvers, which is why they often appear on the theoretical exam as basic traffic rules for bus drivers.
The question tests the section of the Traffic Rules regarding passenger transportation, as well as the understanding of terms: according to clause 1.10, a small-capacity bus is structurally designed to carry up to 22 people including the driver, and clause 21.1 requires carrying passengers only within the number of seats provided by the technical specifications. Separately, clause 21.11 establishes a prohibition on transporting children under 12 years old in the right front seat of a small-capacity bus, regardless of other travel conditions.
The analysis of the options in the ticket boils down to the fact that both individual statements describe actual prohibitions: exceeding the number of seats contradicts the requirements of 21.1, and placing a child under 12 years old in the right front seat is directly prohibited by 21.11. Therefore, the correct answer is the generalizing option that covers both situations: in practice, the driver should control boarding according to the number of regular seats and not allow young passengers to be placed next to the driver in the right front seat.
Clause 1.10 (term "Small-capacity bus")
Small-capacity bus — a bus, by its design and equipment intended for the carriage of passengers in a number not exceeding 22 persons, including the driver.
Clause 21.1
The carriage of passengers is allowed in a vehicle equipped with seats in the quantity provided by its technical specifications, and passengers must not interfere with the driver’s control of the vehicle or restrict visibility.
Explanation of application: for a small-capacity bus, this means it is prohibited to carry passengers in a number exceeding the number of seats provided by the technical specifications.
Clause 21.11
It is prohibited to transport children under the age of 12 on the right front seat of a small-capacity bus.
Explanation of application: regardless of other transportation conditions (presence of an escort, route, etc.), the driver of a small-capacity bus is not allowed to place a child under 12 years of age on the right front seat.
Therefore, the correct answer is "To carry passengers in both of the above-mentioned cases.", given that according to the definition in the Traffic Rules, the driver of a small-capacity bus is prohibited from carrying passengers in excess of the number of seats provided by the technical specifications, as well as from transporting children under 12 years old on the right front seat.
When driving a small-capacity bus, the driver is responsible for ensuring that passenger transportation occurs strictly within the conditions for which the vehicle is designed. Therefore, during boarding and while driving, one should not focus on the actual number of people who "can fit," but rather on the number of seats specified in the technical specifications.
The first restriction concerns the number of passengers. If the bus is designed, for example, for 15 seats, then transporting a 16th passenger is not allowed, even if someone agrees to travel standing or "on someone's lap." Such transportation exceeds the permissible parameters of the vehicle and creates additional risks during maneuvering or braking, as the seats and passenger restraint systems are designed for a specific number of people.
The second restriction is related to the safety of children in the cabin. Children under 12 years old are not allowed to be transported in the right front seat of a small-capacity bus. Even if the child is buckled in, the location itself—next to the driver and in the front zone of the cabin—is considered not to meet the established requirements for this category of vehicle.
Therefore, the correct answer is "To transport passengers in both of the above-mentioned cases," since the driver of a small-capacity bus is prohibited from both transporting passengers beyond the number of seats specified in the technical specifications and transporting children under 12 years old in the right front seat.