44.4. Each person, during practical driver training on a passenger car (category B), is required to obtain:
UAКожна особа, під час проходження навчання практичному водінню на легковому автомобілі (категорія В), зобов'язана отримати:
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This exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine concerns road safety through the quality preparation of future drivers: which basic practical skills must be necessarily practiced during training in driving a passenger car. The logic is simple: the more fully developed the skills of driving, maneuvering, and situational awareness, the fewer risks there are during real driving in the city, in parking lots, and in difficult visibility conditions.
The question tests Section 24 of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine, "Training Driving," specifically the requirements for organizing initial training and equipping the training vehicle. According to clause 24.2, initial practice of exercises must be conducted on closed grounds or autodromes, so the option about practicing on a training ground is mandatory, not "optional." Separately, the requirements for training driving (clause 24.1) include the necessity of control through mirrors, which is directly related to the development of maneuvering skills and reversing; moreover, the reverse maneuver itself is regulated by clause 10.9 and requires maximum attention and safety.
The analysis of the options comes down to the fact that each of the listed elements is part of the complete practical course: the training ground is needed for basic exercises and precise control at low speeds, night practice logically follows from the difference in visibility conditions and the definition of "nighttime" in clause 1.10, and reversing "using mirrors" is critical for performing typical exam maneuvers (garage, parallel parking) and for everyday driving. That is why this is included in the theoretical exam as a test of understanding comprehensive preparation: the correct conclusion is that all the listed skills are needed, not just one of them.
Clause 24.1 — 24 “Training driving”
Training driving on roads is permitted if the vehicle is equipped with additional clutch and brake pedals (for the instructor), an additional rear-view mirror for the instructor, and an identification sign “Training vehicle”.
Brief explanation of the clause’s application: the question is linked to “training driving” as a special driving mode. The rule directly indicates the mandatory presence of a mirror (or mirrors) in the training vehicle, which is logically connected to practicing situational awareness (especially during maneuvers and reversing).
Clause 24.2 — 24 “Training driving”
Initial driver training must be conducted on closed sites or autodromes.
Brief explanation of the clause’s application: this particular traffic rule establishes the requirement for a “site/autodrome” as a stage of practical training (which aligns with the requirement to practice exercises on the site, including typical exam maneuvers).
Clause 1.10 (term “Dark time of day”) — 1 “General provisions”
Dark time of day — the part of the day from sunset to sunrise.
Brief explanation of the clause’s application: the question refers to training/practicing driving “at night”, and the traffic rules provide the official definition of this concept (what exactly is considered “dark time of day”).
Clause 10.9 — 10 “Starting movement and changing its direction”
Reversing is permitted provided it is safe and does not create obstacles for other road users. Reversing is prohibited at intersections and pedestrian crossings.
Brief explanation of the clause’s application: the question (through comments about “driving by rear-view mirrors” and typical exam exercises) checks readiness for the “reversing” maneuver and understanding that it is allowed only under safe conditions and is directly prohibited in certain places.
Thus, the correct answer is “Answers 1, 2, and 3 are correct.”, given that according to the traffic rules, initial training is conducted on closed sites/autodromes (clause 24.2), “dark time of day” is a defined term (clause 1.10), and reversing is regulated by a separate rule with safety conditions and prohibitions (clause 10.9), which determines the need to practice all the listed components during practical training.
During the preparation of a category B driver, practical training should cover not only the "ability to start and drive," but the entire list of basic skills defined by the training program and checked during the exam. Therefore, the student is required to master several mandatory elements, not just one of their choice.
Firstly, practical training must include practicing exercises on a training ground. It is there that precise vehicle control skills at low speeds are developed: starting off, stopping, maneuvering in confined spaces. These exercises are necessary so that the driver can confidently control the car without risking other road users.
Secondly, the student must learn to perform maneuvers using rear-view mirrors. In real traffic and during the exam, this is critically important when reversing, entering a "garage," parallel parking, and other maneuvers where the driver must monitor the situation behind and to the sides. Without well-developed mirror work, it is impossible to perform such actions safely.
Thirdly, the practical training program provides for driving both in daylight and at night. This is necessary because visibility conditions and perception of the road situation at night differ significantly: the driver assesses distances differently, notices obstacles, and interacts with other road users in another way. Practice at night forms real experience of safe driving in such conditions.
Thus, the correct answer is "Answers 1, 2, and 3 are correct," since practical driver training according to the program includes mandatory training ground exercises, practicing maneuvers with mirror observation, and driving in both daylight and nighttime conditions.