42.18. To whom is the owner of a motorcycle, as well as a person who uses this motorcycle on legal grounds, allowed to transfer control?
UAКому має право передавати управління власник мотоцикла, а також особа, яка використовує цей мотоцикл на законних підставах?
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This is an exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine (PDR) concerning road safety and responsibility when using a motorcycle. Transferring control to another person directly affects vehicle control and road risks, so the traffic rules clearly define who is allowed to do this and who is not. Such wording often appears in the theoretical exam because it checks basic understanding of who is permitted to drive.
The question tests the section of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine "Duties and rights of drivers," specifically the requirements of clause 2.2 regarding the transfer of control and clause 2.1 (a) about the mandatory documents of the driver. The essence is that the owner or lawful user of the motorcycle may transfer control only to a person who confirms their right to drive this category of vehicle and has the document with them, not "somewhere at home" or "in an app without the ability to present it on demand."
The analysis of the answer options in the ticket is simple: allowing "any other person" contradicts clause 2.2, because the Traffic Rules do not allow transferring a motorcycle to a person without confirmed driving rights. The option about "a close relative during driver training" is also incorrect, since kinship does not substitute for a driver's license of the appropriate category and does not automatically grant the right to drive. The only correct logic of the answer corresponds to the requirement of the Traffic Rules: only a person with a valid license of the required category, which they have with them, may drive.
In practice, this knowledge helps avoid common violations: when someone lets an acquaintance "have a ride" without documents or with a category not suitable for motorcycles. For the theoretical exam, it is important to remember the key condition: transfer of control is allowed only if the other driver has a driver's license of the appropriate category with them, which directly follows from the traffic rules.
Clause 2.2
The owner of a vehicle, as well as a person who uses such a vehicle on legal grounds, may transfer control of the vehicle to another person who has a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category with them.
Application: this clause directly determines to whom the owner of a motorcycle (or lawful user) has the right to transfer control.
Clause 2.1 (subclause "a")
The driver of a motor vehicle must have with them: a) a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category.
Application: clarifies the mandatory condition for the person to whom control may be transferred (having a driver's license of the appropriate category with them).
That is, the correct answer is: "To another person who has a driver's license for the right to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category with them," given that, according to the definition in the Traffic Rules, control may only be transferred to a person with a driver's license of the appropriate category, which they have with them.
The owner of a motorcycle, as well as a person who uses it on legal grounds (for example, by proxy or with the owner's permission), cannot transfer control to just anyone at their own discretion. The Traffic Rules stipulate that the transfer of control is allowed only if the person to whom the motorcycle is being transferred has the right to operate it.
The key requirement is that the other person must have a driver's license of the appropriate category with them. That is, it is not enough to simply know how to ride or to say that “the license is at home”—the driver must actually present a valid document during inspection. For a motorcycle, this means having a license that entitles the holder to operate motorcycles of the relevant category.
For example, if the owner of a motorcycle gives the handlebars to a friend, but that friend does not have a driver's license of the required category with them, such a transfer of control is a violation. Conversely, if a person has a driver's license of the appropriate category with them, the owner or legal user may transfer control to them.
Therefore, the correct answer is: "To another person who has a driver's license for the right to operate a vehicle of the appropriate category with them," since transferring control is allowed only to someone who confirms their right to operate the motorcycle by having the required category license with them.