15.86. In which of the following places is parking of vehicles prohibited?
UAУ якому з місць заборонена стоянка транспортних засобів?
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This is an exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine concerning safety during stopping and parking in populated areas, where most conflicts arise between drivers and pedestrians. Parking on sidewalks directly affects visibility, accessibility of passage, and the safe movement of pedestrians, which is why the traffic rules strictly regulate when this is allowed and when it is a violation. For the theoretical exam, it is important to clearly distinguish parking (more than 5 minutes) from a short stop and to understand the logic of the prohibitions.
The question tests the section of the Traffic Rules about stopping and parking, specifically clauses 15.10 (b) and 15.10 (c), as well as the definition of the term "sidewalk." The general rule is: parking on sidewalks is prohibited, but there are exceptions. The first option ("on sidewalks in any case") is incorrect because the Traffic Rules of Ukraine provide situations where this may be allowed. The second option describes the prohibition of parking on the sidewalk if the place is not marked with the appropriate road signs with plates, and this is exactly what clause 15.10 (b) states. The third option also reflects the requirements of the Traffic Rules: even if a vehicle is parked on the edge of the sidewalk, this is allowed only for passenger cars and motorcycles and only if at least 2 meters remain for pedestrians; otherwise, parking is prohibited (clause 15.10 (c)). The fourth option is not a prohibition for parking in the context of this question about sidewalks, so it does not fit.
Practically, this means: if there is no special marking with signs and plates, the sidewalk cannot be used for parking; and when a driver partially drives onto the sidewalk, two criteria from the traffic rules must be checked: whether it is a passenger car/motorcycle and whether at least 2 meters remain for passage. Understanding these exceptions and restrictions most often determines the correct answer on the theoretical exam and helps avoid typical fines and dangerous situations in the city.
Clause 1.10 (term "Parking")
Parking — stopping a vehicle for more than 5 minutes for reasons not related to the necessity of complying with these Rules, boarding (alighting) passengers, or loading (unloading) cargo.
Clause 1.10 (term "Sidewalk")
Sidewalk — an element of the road intended for pedestrian movement, which adjoins the carriageway or is separated from it by a lawn.
Clause 15.10 (b)
Parking is prohibited: on sidewalks (except in places marked by appropriate road signs installed with plates).
Brief application: parking on the sidewalk is generally prohibited, but may be allowed only where it is directly indicated by road signs with plates.
Clause 15.10 (c)
Parking is prohibited: on sidewalks, except for passenger cars and motorcycles, which may be parked at the edge of sidewalks, provided that at least 2 meters remain for pedestrian movement.
Brief application: even when it comes to sidewalks, an exception is possible only for passenger cars and motorcycles, and only if at least 2 meters are left for pedestrians.
That is, the correct answer is "Answers 2 and 3.", given that according to the definition of the Traffic Rules, parking on sidewalks is prohibited (clause 15.10 (b)), and an exception is allowed only for passenger cars and motorcycles provided that at least 2 meters are left for pedestrian movement (clause 15.10 (c)).
Parking in the Traffic Rules is the stopping of movement for more than 5 minutes for reasons not related to fulfilling the requirements of the Rules, and also not related to picking up/dropping off passengers or loading/unloading. That is why stricter requirements are set for parking places: the vehicle must not create obstacles for other road users, primarily pedestrians.
The Rules separately define places where parking is prohibited regardless of whether there is road marking or other conditions nearby. According to clause 15.10 (b) of the Traffic Rules, parking is prohibited on sidewalks. An exception is possible only when the parking place on the sidewalk is specially marked with appropriate road signs with plates that allow such placement of the vehicle. If there is no such marking, parking on the sidewalk is a violation.
In addition, the Rules provide for another important condition regarding the sidewalk: even in cases where a vehicle partially drives onto the sidewalk, this is allowed only for passenger cars and motorcycles, and only at the edge of the sidewalk, provided that at least 2 meters of free space remain for pedestrian movement. If the vehicle blocks the passage or leaves less than 2 meters, parking in such a place is prohibited.
Thus, options 2 and 3 show exactly the prohibited situations: parking on the sidewalk without special permission by signs and/or parking on the sidewalk in violation of the condition regarding a minimum of 2 meters for pedestrians. In contrast, option 1 does not fall under these prohibitions, as it meets the allowed exceptions.
Therefore, the correct answer is "Answers 2 and 3.", since parking on the sidewalk is prohibited if the place is not marked with the appropriate signs, as well as if, when placing at the edge of the sidewalk, at least 2 meters for pedestrian passage is not ensured.