11.12. On which of the roads is it permitted for cyclists, moped drivers, persons driving animal-drawn vehicles, as well as riders, to turn left or make a U-turn?
UAНа якій із доріг велосипедистам, водіям мопедів, особам, які керують гужовим транспортом, а також вершникам дозволено поворот ліворуч або розворот?
This is an exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine about maneuvering safety for slow and vulnerable road users: cyclists, moped drivers, drivers of animal-drawn vehicles, and riders. The topic is important for real road conditions, as turning left and making a U-turn involve crossing oncoming traffic and require clear restrictions to avoid conflicts with faster vehicles.
The question tests knowledge of clause 11.14 of the Traffic Rules (Section 11 "Positioning of vehicles on the road") and the logic of its requirements: the listed participants must move in a single line as far to the right as possible, and a left turn or U-turn is allowed for them only if two conditions are met simultaneously: there is only one lane in each direction and there are no tram tracks in the middle. That is why the correct option is the road with one lane in each direction and no tram tracks; other situations create unnecessary risk and are directly prohibited by the traffic rules.
The analysis of the options in this theoretical exam is simple: the statement "on all roads" is incorrect, because clause 11.14 introduces a clear restriction. The combination "roads 1 and 2" is not suitable due to the presence of tram tracks in the middle of the second road, which directly prohibits such a maneuver. The option with road 3 is not suitable, because multi-lane traffic in one direction would force these participants to cross several lanes and actually occupy the left lane, which the rules do not allow; if necessary, it is safer to dismount and act as a pedestrian, using pedestrian crossings.
Clause 11.14
Movement on the carriageway by bicycles, mopeds, horse-drawn carts (sledges), and riders is allowed only in a single file on the far right lane as close to the right edge as possible, except when overtaking. Left turns and U-turns are permitted on roads with one lane in each direction and without a tram track in the middle. Movement on the shoulder is allowed if it does not obstruct pedestrians.
This clause directly establishes the exclusive condition when cyclists, moped drivers, persons driving horse-drawn vehicles, as well as riders are allowed to make a left turn or U-turn: only on a road that has one lane in each direction and does not have a tram track in the middle.
That is, the correct answer is "Only on road 1.", given that according to the definition of the Traffic Rules, left turns and U-turns for these road users are allowed only on a road with one lane in each direction and without a tram track in the middle.
This question checks the requirement of clause 11.14 of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine regarding the specific features of movement for cyclists, moped drivers, drivers of animal-drawn vehicles, and riders. For them, the basic rule is: they must move on the carriageway in a single file as far to the right as possible, meaning they do not occupy the left lanes and do not change lanes without necessity.
Turning left or making a U-turn for these participants is not always allowed, but only under clearly defined conditions. The Traffic Rules permit them to perform such a maneuver only on a road where there is exactly one lane in each direction and there are no tram tracks in the middle. The logic is simple: on such a narrow two-way road, there is no multi-lane traffic, and a left turn does not require dangerously crossing several lanes or moving in the left lane.
Let’s consider the three depicted roads. On road 1, there is exactly one lane in each direction and no tram tracks in the middle, so the conditions of clause 11.14 are met, and turning left or making a U-turn is allowed.
On road 2, although there is also one lane in each direction, there are tram tracks in the middle. This directly excludes the possibility of turning left or making a U-turn for the listed participants, because the Traffic Rules allow such a maneuver only if there are no tram tracks in the middle.
On road 3, there are two lanes in each direction. To turn left or make a U-turn, a cyclist or moped driver would have to cross lanes and actually occupy the left lane, which is not provided for them in this situation by the rules. Therefore, on a multi-lane road, such a maneuver is not allowed for them (if necessary, they should act as pedestrians, not performing the maneuver from the carriageway).
Therefore, the correct answer is "Only on road 1," since turning left or making a U-turn is allowed for these participants only on a road with one lane in each direction and without tram tracks in the middle.