10.1. You are the driver of the blue car, perform a U-turn:
UAВи водій синього автомобіля, виконаєте розворот:
This exam question from the Traffic Rules of Ukraine tests the driver's ability to choose a safe place for a maneuver and correctly assess road sections with increased danger. Making a U-turn near railway tracks is among the riskiest situations, so the traffic rules establish clear prohibitions and requirements for attentiveness in order to reduce the likelihood of accidents at such locations.
The task concerns making a U-turn in the area of a railway crossing and determining its boundaries according to road signs 1.29 "Single-track railway" and 1.30 "Multi-track railway", and at regulated crossings also by equipment such as a barrier or traffic light. This checks the section "Maneuvering" (specifically the requirements of paragraphs 10.1 and 10.7 of the Traffic Rules) and basic concepts from the section on road signs and terms: at railway crossings, making a U-turn is strictly prohibited, regardless of traffic intensity or whether the tracks are "clear" or not.
The analysis of the options comes down to correctly determining where the crossing begins and ends. Trajectory B is incorrect because it involves making a U-turn directly within the crossing, which contradicts paragraph 10.7 "a". Trajectories A and C are permissible, as they are performed before entering the crossing or after passing it, that is, outside the prohibited zone; however, in any case, it is important to remember for the theoretical exam about paragraph 10.1: before maneuvering, you must make sure it is safe, not create obstacles, and yield to those who have the right of way according to the rules.
Clause 10.1
Before starting to move, changing lanes, or making any change in the direction of movement, the driver must make sure that it will be safe and will not create obstacles or danger to other road users.
Clause 10.7 (subclause "a")
U-turns are prohibited: a) at railway crossings.
Clause 1.10 (term "Railway crossing")
Railway crossing — an intersection of a road with railway tracks at the same level.
Clause 33.1 — 33 "Road signs", 1 "Warning signs", sign 1.29 "Single-track railway"
Warns of approaching a railway crossing and indicates the place where the road intersects with a railway track (one track).
Clause 33.1 — 33 "Road signs", 1 "Warning signs", sign 1.30 "Multi-track railway"
Warns of approaching a railway crossing and indicates the place where the road intersects with railway tracks (two or more tracks).
That is, the correct answer is "Along trajectories A and B," given that according to the definition in the Traffic Rules, a U-turn is prohibited directly at the railway crossing (clause 10.7 "a"), but performing the maneuver before or after the boundaries of the crossing (provided the maneuver is safe according to clause 10.1) is not prohibited.
When choosing a place to make a U-turn, you must first determine whether you are in an area where such a maneuver is directly prohibited by the Rules. In this situation, the key point is that there is a railway crossing ahead of you, which is a section of road with heightened safety requirements.
According to paragraph 10.7 of the Traffic Rules of Ukraine, making a U-turn is prohibited at railway crossings. That is, performing a U-turn directly within the boundaries of the crossing is not allowed, regardless of whether there is train movement at the moment, whether the crossing is open, or whether there are other vehicles present.
It is also important to correctly understand the boundaries of the crossing. They are defined by its equipment and markings: warning signs indicating the approach to a railway crossing, and at regulated crossings, additional reference points may include a barrier and a traffic light. The maneuver is prohibited precisely within this zone, where the road intersects with the tracks.
Trajectories A and B are located outside the boundaries of the railway crossing: one before entering the crossing, the other after passing it. Therefore, both options do not violate the requirement of paragraph 10.7, provided you perform the U-turn safely: make sure there are no obstacles, do not create danger for other road users, and yield to those who have the right of way according to the rules.
Therefore, the correct answer is "Along trajectories A and B," since making a U-turn is prohibited at a railway crossing (p. 10.7 of the Traffic Rules), and trajectories A and B are located outside its boundaries.